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Timeline
19 events▣ Album 15◦ Birth 1✦ Award 1† Death 1★ Debut release 1
1910s
1960s
1970s
1990s
· Debut release
Debut release: Die Soldaten
First documented Album in the MusicBrainz discography.
source: musicbrainz
2000s
2010s
2020s
Biography
English biography739 words · 4 sectionssource: wikipedia-en · licence CC BY-SA 4.0 · revision 1351356297
Biography
Bernd Alois Zimmermann (20 March 1918 – 10 August 1970) was a German composer. He is perhaps best known for his opera Die Soldaten, which is regarded as one of the most important German operas of the 20th century, after those of Berg. His eclectic music, which employs a wide range of techniques including dodecaphony and musical quotation, encompasses the styles of the avant-garde, serial, and postmodern.
Life
Zimmermann was born in Bliesheim (now part of Erftstadt), near Cologne. He grew up in a rural Catholic community in western Germany. His father worked for the German Reichsbahn and was also a farmer. In 1929, Zimmermann began attending a private Catholic school, where he had his first real encounter with music. After the NSDAP closed all private schools, he switched to a public Catholic school in Cologne where, in 1937, he received his Abitur.
That same year he fulfilled his duty for the Reichsarbeitsdienst and spent late 1937–early 1938 studying pedagogy at the Hochschule für Lehrerausbildung (lit. University for Teacher Training) in Bonn.
He began studying music education, musicology, and composition in early 1938 at the University for Music in Cologne. In 1940, he was drafted into the Wehrmacht, but was released in 1942 due to a severe skin illness. He returned to his studies, but did not obtain a degree until 1947 due to the ending of the war. By then he had already become a free-lance composer in 1946, mainly for radio. During 1948–1950, he was a participant in the Darmstädter Ferienkurse where he studied with René Leibowitz and Wolfgang Fortner, among others.
In 1957, he received a scholarship to spend time at the German Academy at Villa Massimo in Rome. He also assumed the position of Professor of Composition (from Frank Martin) as well as Film and Broadcast Music at the Musikhochschule Köln. Among Zimmermann's notable students was Clarence Barlow. In the 1960s, he earned more success as a composer, including a second scholarship to the Villa Massimo in 1963, and a fellowship in the Academy of Arts, Berlin); especially after his opera Die Soldaten premiered in 1965. The opera had previously not been performed due to the enormous number of performers required and its difficulty. The Cologne Opera had deemed it "unplayable". The composer's depression led to an emotional crisis, which was compounded by a quickly deteriorating eye problem. On 10 August 1970, Zimmermann committed suicide at his home in Königsdorf near Cologne, five days after completing the score of his last composition, Ich wandte mich um und sah an alles Unrecht, das geschah unter der Sonne (often translated as "...The Turning" in English). At the time, he had been preparing another opera, Medea, after Hans Henny Jahnn.
Music
In his own compositional growth, he took his place in the progression of new music, from which the German composers were mostly separated during the Nazi regime. He began writing works in the neoclassical style, continued with free atonality and twelve-tone music and eventually arrived at serialism (in 1956). His affection for jazz can sometimes be heard in some of his compositions (more so in his Violin Concerto or Trumpet Concerto).
In contrast to the so-called Darmstadt School (Stockhausen, Boulez, Nono, etc.), Zimmermann did not make a radical break with tradition. At the end of the 1950s, he developed his own personal compositional style, the pluralistic "Klangkomposition" (German word referring to the compositional style that focuses on planes – or areas – of sound and tone-colors). The combination and overlapping of layers of musical material from various time periods (from Medieval to Baroque and Classical to Jazz and Pop music) using advanced musical techniques is characteristic of Klangkomposition. Zimmermann's use of this technique ranged from the embedding of individual musical quotes (seen somewhat in his orchestral work Photoptosis) to pieces that are built entirely as a collage (the ballet Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu). In his vocal works, especially his Requiem für einen jungen Dichter, the text is used to progress the piece by overlapping texts from various sources. He created his own musical stance using the metaphor "the spherical form of time".
Listening
Bernd Alois Zimmermann at the Avant Garde Project has FLAC files made from high-quality LP transcriptions of Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu and the Vocal Symphony from Die Soldaten available for free download. at the Wayback Machine (archived 25 June 2007)
Listen to "Preludio" from Zimmermann's Die Soldaten at Acousmata music blog
Discography & profile
Normalised profile
Percentiles are computed over every artist in the database, so a tier-3 artist can still sit in the 95th percentile on a single axis.
| Metric | Value | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| Wikipedia language versions | 21 | 82.6th |
| Spotify monthly listeners | — | no data |
| Release groups in DB | 19 | 86.7th |
| Studio albums | 15 | 94.6th |
| Awards recorded | 2 | 92.6th |
| Timeline events | 19 | 93.4th |
| Recording span (years) | -21 | 8.1th |
| Genres | 5 | 88.3th |
Percentiles are computed at render time; missing values mean the artist has no data on that axis.
Discography (19 release groups · 15 studio albums)
Albums · 15
1991 · studio album
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Tracklist · 24 tracks · 1:47:08
Disc 11Die Soldaten: Preludio5:262Die Soldaten: I. Akt. Introduzione0:263Die Soldaten: I. Akt, 1. Szene5:254Die Soldaten: I. Akt, 2. Szene1:475Die Soldaten: I. Akt. Tratto I0:476Die Soldaten: I. Akt, 3. Szene7:437Die Soldaten: I. Akt, 4. Szene4:088Die Soldaten: I. Akt, 5. Szene8:189Die Soldaten: II. Akt. Introduzione0:2110Die Soldaten: II. Akt, 1. Szene10:3711Die Soldaten: II. Akt. Intermezzo3:3812Die Soldaten: II. Akt, 2. Szene11:03Disc 21Die Soldaten: III. Akt. Preludio1:212Die Soldaten: III. Akt, 1. Szene2:483Die Soldaten: III. Akt, 2. Szene2:154Die Soldaten: III. Akt, 3. Szene3:525Die Soldaten: III. Akt. Romanza2:576Die Soldaten: III. Akt, 4. Szene8:147Die Soldaten: III. Akt, 5. Szene10:258Die Soldaten: IV. Akt. Preludio1:479Die Soldaten: IV. Akt, 1. Szene3:2110Die Soldaten: IV. Akt. Tratto II0:4811Die Soldaten: IV. Akt, 2. Szene4:4612Die Soldaten: IV. Akt, 3. Szene4:55Présence / Intercomunicazione / Perspectives / Monologues
1993 · studio album
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Tracklist · 13 tracks · 1:17:56
1Présence: 1ère Scène: Introduction et Pas d'action (Don Quichotte)3:342Présence: 2e Scène: Pas de deux (Don Quichotte et Ubu)2:543Présence: 3e Scène: Solo (Pas d'Ubu)5:014Présence: 4e Scène: Pas de deux (Molly Bloom et Don Quichotte)4:295Présence: 5e Scène: Pas d'action Et Finale (Molly Bloom)9:506Perspectives: I. Grave -8:067Perspectives: II. Tranquillo molto5:088Intercomunicazione per violoncello e pianoforte21:019"Monologues" for Two Pianos: I. Quasi irreale2:0310"Monologues" for Two Pianos: II. ♩ = 852:4911"Monologues" for Two Pianos: III. ♩ = 803:1012"Monologues" for Two Pianos: IV. ♩ = 1202:0813"Monologues" for Two Pianos: V. semiquaver = 857:43Requiem für einen jungen Dichter
1995 · studio album
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Tracklist · 6 tracks · 1:04:13
1Requiem for a Young Poet: I. Prolog. Requiem I - Requiem II - Ricercar (Live)39:422Requiem for a Young Poet: II. Rappresentazione (Live)5:213Requiem for a Young Poet: III. Elegia (Live)1:464Requiem for a Young Poet: IV. Tratto (Live)1:295Requiem for a Young Poet: V. Lamento (Live)7:096Requiem for a Young Poet: VI. Dona nobis pacem (Live)8:461995 · studio album
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Tracklist · 7 tracks · 1:05:32
1Interpolation (version 1)14:442Condicionado, op. 13 (version 1)4:253Tempus loquendi... (version 1)11:564"In"6:145Tempus loquendi... (version 2)12:036Condicionado, op. 13 (version 2)1:497Interpolation (version 2)14:21Antiphonen / Omnia tempus habent / Présence
1996 · studio album
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Tracklist · 11 tracks · 54:48
1Antiphonen: I4:142Antiphonen: II3:313Antiphonen: III0:594Antiphonen: IV5:085Antiphonen: V1:556Omnia tempus habent10:367Présence: Première Scène, Introduction et Pas d'action3:488Présence: Deuxième Scène, Pas de deux3:039Présence: Troisième Scène, Solo5:3110Présence: Quatrième Scène, Pas de deux5:4111Présence: Cinquième Scène, Pas d'action et Final10:22Requiem für einen jungen Dichter
1996 · studio album
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Tracklist · 9 tracks · 1:05:26
1Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Prolog13:052Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Requiem 114:403Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Requiem 21:174Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Ricercar10:355Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Rappresentazione5:596Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Elegia1:527Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Tratto1:118Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Lamento7:389Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Dona nobis pacem9:09J. S. Bach: Suite für Cello Nr. 2 / B. A. Zimmermann: Sonaten
1996 · studio album
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Tracklist · 15 tracks · 52:11
1Suite Nr. 2 in d-Moll für Violoncello solo, BWV 1008: I. Prélude3:332Suite Nr. 2 in d-Moll für Violoncello solo, BWV 1008: II. Allemande3:313Suite Nr. 2 in d-Moll für Violoncello solo, BWV 1008: III. Courante1:564Suite Nr. 2 in d-Moll für Violoncello solo, BWV 1008: IV. Sarabande3:465Suite Nr. 2 in d-Moll für Violoncello solo, BWV 1008: V. Menuet 1 & 23:086Suite Nr. 2 in d-Moll für Violoncello solo, BWV 1008: VI. Gigue2:417Sonate für Violine solo: I. Präludium3:508Sonate für Violine solo: II. Rhapsodie2:129Sonate für Violine solo: III. Toccata4:3610Sonate für Viola solo8:4011Sonate für Cello solo: I. Rappresentazione2:1712Sonate für Cello solo: II. Fase3:4713Sonate für Cello solo: III. Tropi3:0514Sonate für Cello solo: IV. Spazi3:1115Sonate für Cello solo: V. Versetto1:58Cello Concerto / Impromptu / Antiphonen / Photoptosis
1997 · studio album
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Tracklist · 12 tracks · 1:02:06
1Concerto pour violoncelle et orchestre en forme de »pas de trois«: Introduzione5:232Concerto pour violoncelle et orchestre en forme de »pas de trois«: Allegro3:093Concerto pour violoncelle et orchestre en forme de »pas de trois«: Adagio5:394Concerto pour violoncelle et orchestre en forme de »pas de trois«: Tempo di marcia1:245Concerto pour violoncelle et orchestre en forme de »pas de trois«: Blues e Coda8:006Antiphonen für Viola und 25 Instrumentalisten: I.4:497Antiphonen für Viola und 25 Instrumentalisten: II.4:328Antiphonen für Viola und 25 Instrumentalisten: III.1:099Antiphonen für Viola und 25 Instrumentalisten: IV.5:1510Antiphonen für Viola und 25 Instrumentalisten: V.2:0811Impromptu für Orchester7:2712»Photoptosis«, Prélude für großes Orchester13:11Dialoge · Monologe · Perspektiven · Photoptosis
1997 · studio album
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Tracklist · 15 tracks · 59:34
1Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: I.1:032Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: II.1:173Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: III.1:544Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: IV.2:345Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: V.2:366Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: VI.6:467Dialoge. Konzert für zwei Klaviere und großes Orchester: VII.0:408Monologe. Fassung der Dialoge für zwei Klaviere Soli: I.1:269Monologe. Fassung der Dialoge für zwei Klaviere Soli: II.2:3210Monologe. Fassung der Dialoge für zwei Klaviere Soli: III.2:3611Monologe. Fassung der Dialoge für zwei Klaviere Soli: IV.1:4312Monologe. Fassung der Dialoge für zwei Klaviere Soli: V.6:5113Perspektiven. Musik zu einem imaginärem Ballett, für zwei Klaviere: Teil I9:3114Perspektiven. Musik zu einem imaginärem Ballett, für zwei Klaviere: Teil II5:1715Photoptosis. Prélude für großes Orchester12:48Edition Bernd Alois Zimmermann
2005 · studio album
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Tracklist · 20 tracks · 51:19
1Un petit rien: Overture des belles de la nuit1:052Un petit rien: Métamorphose lunaire I0:543Un petit rien: Pas trop militaire1:074Un petit rien: Petite valse lunaire0:555Un petit rien: Berceuse des petits oiseaux qui ne peuvent pas s'endormir0:486Un petit rien: Métamorphose lunaire II0:397Un petit rien: Boogie-woogie au clair de lune1:018Das Gelb und das Grün: Prolog3:169Das Gelb und das Grün: Burleske0:4710Das Gelb und das Grün: Kleiner Walzer0:5911Das Gelb und das Grün: Phantasmagorie1:1512Das Gelb und das Grün: Marsch0:4113Das Gelb und das Grün: Epilog2:1114Omnia tempus habent11:3015Metamorphose: Introduktion (Vision)4:5016Metamorphose: Invention (Reflexe)4:2717Metamorphose: Romanza (Kontakt)3:0218Metamorphose: Kanon (Largo)3:5219Metamorphose: Habanera (Paso)5:1020Metamorphose: Gigue (Burleske)2:50Requiem für einen jungen Dichter
2008 · studio album
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Tracklist · 6 tracks · 1:03:10
1Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Prolog / Requiem 139:452Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Rappresentazione5:093Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Elegia1:444Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Tratto1:095Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Lamento6:486Requiem für einen jungen Dichter: Donna nobis pacem8:352014 · studio album
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Tracklist · 8 tracks · 1:09:20
1Alagoana: I. Ouvertüre7:162Alagoana: II Sertanejo4:103Alagoana: III Saudade6:264Alagoana: IV Caboclo4:245Alagoana: V Finale6:572Sinfonie In Einem Satz14:233Photoptosis (Prélude Für Großes Orchester)16:344Stille Und Umkehr (Orchesterskizzen)9:10Sinfonie in einem Satz (1. Fassung)
2016 · studio album
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Tracklist · 17 tracks · 1:03:55
1Sinfonie in einem Satz (1. Fassung)18:122Giostra Genovese: I. Introduzione (nach Tilman Susato)1:473Giostra Genovese: II. Pavane I (nach Orlando Gibbons)3:054Giostra Genovese: III. Moresca (nach William Byrd)3:305Giostra Genovese: IV. Pavane II (nach Orlando Gibbons)3:216Giostra Genovese: V. Finale3:417Konzert für Streichorchester: I. Introduktion1:408Konzert für Streichorchester: II. Aria6:539Konzert für Streichorchester: III. Finale3:5210Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: Entrée de l’académie1:4811Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: I. Ubu Roi, Capitaine Bordure et ses partisans3:0312Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: II. Mère Ubu et ses gardes1:4713Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: III. Pile, Cotise et l’ours1:0814Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: IV. Le cheval à Phynances et les larbins de Phynances1:0515Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: V. Pavane de Pissemblock et Pissedoux3:1916Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: VI. Berceuse des petits financiers qui ne peuvent pas s'endormir1:0617Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubu: VII. Marche du décervellage4:38Violin Concerto / Photoptosis / Die Soldaten
2019 · studio album
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Tracklist · 12 tracks · 1:13:23
1Violin Concerto: I. Sonata4:142Violin Concerto: II. Fantasia8:553Violin Concerto: III. Rondo4:214Photoptosis14:045Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: I. Preludio5:396Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: II. Erster Akt, Introduzione0:387Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: III. Erster Akt, 3. Szene (Ricercari I): Meine göttliche Mademoiselle… (Desportes)8:348Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: IV. Erster Akt, 5. Szene (Nocturno I): Ach, Herr Jesus! (Marie)4:479Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: Das Herz ist mir so Schwer (Marie)4:5510Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: V. Zweiter Akt (Intermezzo)4:5611Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: VI. Zweiter Akt, 2. Szene (Capriccio, Corale e Ciacona II): Was fehlt ihnen, mein goldnes Mariel… (Desportes)5:3612Die Soldaten, Vocal Symphony: Kindlein mein (Weseners alte Mutter)6:442020 · studio album
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Tracklist · 33 tracks · 1:14:03
13 Frühe Klavierstücke: No. 1, Scherzettino2:4523 Frühe Klavierstücke: No. 2, Intermezzo3:3133 Frühe Klavierstücke: No. 3, Fugato2:254Extemporale: I. Präludium3:295Extemporale: II. Invention1:186Extemporale: III. Siciliano3:097Extemporale: IV. Bolero4:098Extemporale: V. Finale2:129Capriccio11:3810Enchiridion I: I. Introduktion2:0611Enchiridion I: II. Ekloge3:1712Enchiridion I: III. Rondino0:5213Enchiridion I: IV. Bourrée0:5414Enchiridion I: V. Meditation4:0815Enchiridion I: VI. Aria1:4216Enchiridion I: VII. Estampida1:1517Enchiridion I: VIII. Toccata1:4418Enchiridion, Appendix: I. Intermezzo1:5119Enchiridion, Appendix: II. L'après-midi d'un Puck0:5220Enchiridion, Appendix: III. Hommage à Johann Strauss0:5321Enchiridion II "Exerzitien": I. Vigil2:3022Enchiridion II "Exerzitien": II. Hora1:4923Enchiridion II "Exerzitien": III. Ostinato1:1624Enchiridion II "Exerzitien": IV. Matutin2:2425Enchiridion II "Exerzitien": V. Imagination2:0926Konfigurationen: I. —1:1027Konfigurationen: II. —1:1828Konfigurationen: III. —0:4829Konfigurationen: IV. —0:3530Konfigurationen: V. —1:2431Konfigurationen: VI. —1:4332Konfigurationen: VII. —0:5633Konfigurationen: VIII. —1:51
Album · 3
| Cover | Year | Title | Notes | First release |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | Brahms & Zimmermann: Orchestral Works (Live)Search SpotifySearch YouTube MusicTracklist · 5 tracks · 54:411Sinfonie Nr. 4 e-Moll, op. 98: Allegro non troppo12:46 2Sinfonie Nr. 4 e-Moll, op. 98: Andante moderato10:57 3Sinfonie Nr. 4 e-Moll, op. 98: Allegro giocoso. Poco meno Presto. Tempo I6:11 4Sinfonie Nr. 4 e-Moll, op. 98: Allegro energico e passionato. Più allegro10:12 5»Nobody Knows de Trouble I See« Konzert für Trompete und Orchester14:35 | Live | 2013 | |
| 2021 | SinfonienSearch SpotifySearch YouTube MusicTracklist · 7 tracks · 1:00:181Sinfonie in einem Satz18:13 2Vokalsinfonie: I. Preludio5:06 3Vokalsinfonie: II. Erster Akt (Introduzione)0:33 4Vokalsinfonie: III. Erster Akt, 3. Szene (Ricercari I)8:48 5Vokalsinfonie: IV. Erster Akt, 5. Szene (Nocturno I)9:22 6Vokalsinfonie: V. Zweiter Akt (Intermezzo)4:19 7Vokalsinfonie: VI. Zweiter Akt, 2. Szene (Capriccio, Corale e Ciacona II)13:57 | Live | 15 October 2021 | |
| — | Bernd Alois ZimmermannSearch SpotifySearch YouTube MusicTracklist · 3 tracks · 56:361Vocal Symphony From Die Soldaten, Side 113:55 2Vocal Symphony From Die Soldaten, Side 225:59 3Musique Pour Les Soupers Du Roi Ubu16:42 | Compilation | — |
Broadcast · 1
| Cover | Year | Title | Notes | First release |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | 2003-08-05: Davos Festival 2003, Kongresszentrum, Davos, SwitzerlandSearch SpotifySearch YouTube MusicTracklist · 6 tracks · 1:16:451Sonate für violoncello solo13:51 2[unknown]17:16 3Abaton12:50 4Aus den Fugen10:24 5Icaria (Improvisation)5:18 6Ianicum17:06 | Live | — |
Stats & PK
Percentile within all 23,672 published artists.Put Bernd Alois Zimmermann head-to-head →
| Metric | Value | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| Wikipedia language versions | 21 | 82.6th |
| Spotify monthly listeners | — | no data |
| Release groups in DB | 19 | 86.7th |
| Studio albums | 15 | 94.6th |
| Awards recorded | 2 | 92.6th |
| Timeline events | 19 | 93.4th |
| Recording span (years) | -21 | 8.1th |
| Genres | 5 | 88.3th |
Awards & honours
| Year | Award | Category | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 | Berliner Kunstpreis | won | |
| — | Rome Prize of the German Academy Villa Massimo | won |
Where this record comes from
aliases/urls—musicbrainz · CC0 · retrieved 10 October 2026
https://musicbrainz.org/artist/41180d9b-1604-4f65-904c-830767c40258discography—musicbrainz · CC0 · retrieved 10 October 2026
https://musicbrainz.org/artist/41180d9b-1604-4f65-904c-830767c40258core—wikidata · CC0 · retrieved 10 October 2026
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312582genre—wikidata · CC0 · retrieved 11 October 2026
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312582seed-list—wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0 · retrieved 10 October 2026
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernd_Alois_Zimmermannbiography—wikipedia-en · CC BY-SA 4.0 · retrieved 10 October 2026
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernd_Alois_Zimmermann
Why this artist is in the database
- List of composers by name
Tier rule: curated genre/region list
Image: no portrait (not displayed: the licence credit is missing)
Wikidata: Q312582 · MusicBrainz: 41180d9b-1604-4f65-904c-830767c40258
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