Marty Robbins

Biography

Martin David Robinson (September 26, 1925 – December 8, 1982), known professionally as Marty Robbins, was an American country and western singer and songwriter, as well as a professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He was one of the most popular and successful singers of his genre for most of his nearly four-decade career, which spanned from the late 1940s to the early 1980s. He was also an early outlaw country pioneer.
Born in Glendale, Arizona, Robbins taught himself guitar while serving in the U.S. Navy during World War II, and subsequently drew fame performing in clubs in and around his hometown. In 1952, he released his first number-one country song, "I'll Go On Alone". Four years later, he released his second number-one hit "Singing the Blues×Singing the Blues1969 · Album · CompilationSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 9 tracksA1Singing the BluesA2The Hands You're Holding NowA3Ruby AnnA4The Master's CallA5Have I Told You Lately That I Love YouB1I Can't Help ItB2Shackles and ChainsB3Hello HeartacheB4Begging to You", and one year later, released two more number-one hits, "A White Sport Coat×A White Sport Coat1958 · EPSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 4 tracksA1A White Sport Coat (And a Pink Carnation)A2Singing the BluesB1The Story of My LifeB2I’m So Lonesome I Could Cry" and "The Story of My Life×The Story Of My Life1967 · Album · CompilationSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 9 tracksA1The Story Of My LifeA2Are You Sincere?A3The Hands You're Holding NowA4HurtA5To Each His OwnB1Answer Me My LoveB2She Thinks I Still CareB3Meet Me Tonight In LaredoB4Lovesick Blues". In 1959, Robbins released his signature song, "El Paso×El Paso1970 · Studio albumSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 10 tracks1El Paso2The Wine Flowed Freely3Streets of Laredo4The Hanging Tree5Bouquet of Roses6Hello Heartaches7Forever Yours8The Nearness of You9My Wonderful One10Love Is in the Air", for which he won the Grammy Award for Best Country and Western Recording. The song began Robbins' association with Western balladry, a style that became a staple of his career. His later releases that drew critical acclaim include "Don't Worry", "Big Iron", "Devil Woman×Devil Woman1962 · Studio albumSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 12 tracksA1Devil Woman2:52A2Ain’t Life a Crying Shame2:38A3Time Can’t Make Me Forget2:36A4In the Ashes of an Old Love Affair2:02A5The Hands You’re Holding Now3:02A6Worried2:05B1Little Rich Girl2:29B2Progressive Love2:01B3I’m Beginning to Forget2:43B4Love Is a Hurting Thing2:25B5Kinda Halfway Feel2:43B6The Wine Flowed Freely2:11", and "Honkytonk Man", the last for which the 1982 Clint Eastwood film is named, and in which Robbins made his final appearance before his death.
Over the course of his career, Robbins recorded more than 500 songs and 60 albums, and won two Grammy Awards, was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame and Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, and was named the 1960s Artist of the Decade by the Academy of Country Music. His songs "El Paso" and "Big Iron" were ranked by the Western Writers of America among the top-100 Western songs of all time. Robbins was a commercial success in both the country and pop genres, and his songs were covered by many other famous artists, including Johnny Cash, the Grateful Dead, and Elvis Presley. Johnny Cash noted, "there's no greater country singer than Marty Robbins." His music continues to have an influence in pop culture today, featuring prominently in several films, television shows, and video games.

Early life

Robbins was born Martin David Robinson on September 26, 1925, in Glendale, a suburb of Phoenix in Maricopa County. His parents, John "Jack" Robinson (1889–1975) and Emma Heckle (1889–1970), divorced in 1937 when Robbins was 12 years old.
Among the warmer memories of his childhood, Robbins recalled having listened to stories of the American West told by his maternal grandfather, "Texas Bob" Heckle, who was a traveling salesman, raconteur, and local medicine man.
Robbins later recalled: "He had two little books of poetry he would sell. I used to sing him church songs and he would tell me stories. A lot of the songs I've written were brought about because of stories he told me. Like 'Big Iron' I wrote because he was a Texas Ranger. At least he told me he was."
Robbins dropped out of high school in Glendale before his time in the Navy, and worked as an amateur boxer, dug ditches, drove trucks, delivered ice, and served as a mechanic's helper.
At 17, Robbins left home to serve in the U.S. Navy as an LCT coxswain during World War II. He was stationed in the Solomon Islands in the Pacific theater. To pass the time during the war, he learned to play the guitar, started writing songs, and came to love Hawaiian music.
After his discharge from the military in 1947 and his marriage the following year, Robbins began to play at local venues in Phoenix, In the early 1950s, Marty moved on to host his own show on KTYL and then his own television show Western Caravan on KPHO-TV in Phoenix. After Little Jimmy Dickens made a guest appearance on Robbins' TV show, Dickens got Robbins a record deal with Columbia Records.

Career

Robbins became known for his appearances on the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville. Music journalist Mary Harron wrote this about him in The Guardian:

Robbins was a symbol of the Nashville establishment that younger country fans abandoned in the '70s for the bleached-denim "outlaw school" of Waylon Jennings and Willie Nelson. Robbins belonged to the Jim Reeves era, and wore his embroidered cowboy suits proudly. Best known for the Western ballad, "El Paso×El Paso1970 · Studio albumSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 10 tracks1El Paso2The Wine Flowed Freely3Streets of Laredo4The Hanging Tree5Bouquet of Roses6Hello Heartaches7Forever Yours8The Nearness of You9My Wonderful One10Love Is in the Air", his career also touched the rock 'n' roll side of country in songs like "White Sport Coat and a Pink Carnation", and he kept a touch of the dude about him to the end.
In 1980, Robbins appeared on the PBS music program Austin City Limits (season five). In addition to his recordings and performances, Robbins was an avid race car driver, competing in 35 career NASCAR Grand National Series races with six top-10 finishes, including the 1973 Firecracker 400. In 1967, Robbins played himself in the car-racing film Hell on Wheels. Robbins was partial to Dodges prepared by NASCAR Hall-of-Famer Cotton Owens, and owned and raced Chargers and then a 1978 Dodge Magnum. He was also the driver of the 60th Indianapolis 500 Buick Century pace car in 1976. His last race was in a Junior Johnson-built 1982 Buick Regal in the Atlanta Journal 500 on November 7, 1982, a month before his death.

Music and honors

Although by 1960, Robbins' output was largely Western (and some country) music, his initial hits, such as "Singing the Blues×Singing the Blues1969 · Album · CompilationSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 9 tracksA1Singing the BluesA2The Hands You're Holding NowA3Ruby AnnA4The Master's CallA5Have I Told You Lately That I Love YouB1I Can't Help ItB2Shackles and ChainsB3Hello HeartacheB4Begging to You", "Knee Deep in the Blues×Knee Deep In The Blues2007 · Album · CompilationSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 25 tracks1That's All Right2:362Gossip2:453Daddy Loves You2:404Pray For Me, Mother of Mine2:505It Looks Like I'm Just In The Way2:366I'll Love You Till The Day I Die2:347Maybellene2:308This Broken Heart of Mine2:219Pretty Mama2:4210Don't Let Me Hang Around2:2011Tennessee Toddy3:1712Mean Mama Blues2:1313Lone Gone Lonesome Blues2:3114Singing The Blues2:2715I Can't Quit(I've Gone Too Far)2:2716I'll Know You're Gone1:5017How Long Will It Be2:2318Long Tall Sally2:0819Mr. Teardrop2:4820Respectfully Miss Brooks3:0321You Don't Owe Me A Thing2:4722The Little Rosewood Casket3:0423The Letter Edged In Black2:5724The Same Two Lips3:0125Knee Deep In The Blues2:11", "The Story of My Life×The Story Of My Life1967 · Album · CompilationSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 9 tracksA1The Story Of My LifeA2Are You Sincere?A3The Hands You're Holding NowA4HurtA5To Each His OwnB1Answer Me My LoveB2She Thinks I Still CareB3Meet Me Tonight In LaredoB4Lovesick Blues", "She Was Only Seventeen", and "A White Sport Coat and a Pink Carnation", were generally regarded as more pop/teen idol material than his hits from 1960 onwards ("El Paso×El Paso1970 · Studio albumSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 10 tracks1El Paso2The Wine Flowed Freely3Streets of Laredo4The Hanging Tree5Bouquet of Roses6Hello Heartaches7Forever Yours8The Nearness of You9My Wonderful One10Love Is in the Air", etc.). In 1957, he wrote and recorded "A White Sport Coat and a Pink Carnation" which sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold record.
His musical accomplishments include the Grammy Award for his 1959 hit and signature song "El Paso", taken from his album Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs×Gunfighter Ballads and Trail SongsSeptember 1959 · Studio albumSpotifyYouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 12 tracksA1Big Iron4:00A2Cool Water3:12A3Billy the Kid2:21A4A Hundred and Sixty Acres1:43A5They’re Hanging Me Tonight3:08A6The Strawberry Roan3:27B1El Paso4:24B2In the Valley1:51B3The Master’s Call3:10B4Running Gun2:14B5Little Green Valley2:28B6Utah Carol3:13. "El Paso" was his first song to hit number one on the pop chart in the 1960s. It was followed up, successfully, by "Don't Worry", which reached number three on the pop chart in 1961, becoming his third, and last, top-10 pop hit. "El Paso" was followed by one prequel and one sequel: "Faleena (From El Paso)" and "El Paso City×El Paso City1976 · Studio albumSpotifyYouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 10 tracksA1El Paso City4:20A2Ava Maria Morales4:26A3I’m Gonna Miss You When You Go2:32A4Kin to the Wind2:11A5Way Out There2:21B1The Ballad of Bill Thaxton5:02B2Trail Dreamin’1:45B3I Did What I Did for Maria2:25B4She’s Just a Drifter2:53B5Among My Souvenirs2:34". Also in 1961, Robbins wrote the words and music and recorded "I Told the Brook", a ballad later recorded by Billy Thorpe.
He won the Grammy Award for the Best Country and Western Recording 1961 for his follow-up album More Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs×More Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs1960 · Studio albumSpotifyYouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 11 tracksA1San Angelo5:41A2Prairie Fire2:14A3Streets of Laredo2:47A4Song of the Bandit2:30A5I’ve Got No Use for the Women3:21B1Five Brothers2:13B2Little Joe the Wrangler4:07B3Ride, Cowboy, Ride3:15B4This Peaceful Sod1:54B5She Was Young and She Was Pretty2:58B6My Love1:45, and was awarded another Grammy, for Best Country Song, in 1970, for "My Woman, My Woman, My Wife×My Woman, My Woman, My Wife1970 · Studio albumSpotifyYouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 11 tracksA1My Woman, My Woman, My Wife3:27A2Can’t Help Falling in Love2:08A3Love Me Tender2:59A4I’ve Got a Woman’s Love2:20A5Three Little Words3:43A6Maria (If I Could)2:29B1The Master’s Touch3:11B2My Happy Heart Sings2:35B3Without You to Love2:44B4A Very Special Way3:24B5Martha Ellen Jenkins2:37". Robbins was named Artist of the Decade (1960–1969) by the Academy of Country Music, was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1982, was given three awards at the 17th Annual Music City News Country Awards in 1983, and was given a Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1998 for "El Paso".
When Robbins was recording his 1961 hit "Don't Worry" at the Bradley Studios in Nashville, session guitarist Grady Martin accidentally created the electric guitar "fuzz" effect – his six-string bass was run through a faulty channel in the studio's mixing console. Robbins decided to keep it in the final version. The song reached number one on the country chart, and number three on the pop chart.
Robbins was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1975. For his contribution to the recording industry, Robbins has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6666 Hollywood Boulevard.
Robbins has been honored by many bands, including the Grateful Dead, who covered "El Paso" and Bob Weir and Kingfish, who covered "Big Iron". The Who's 2006 album Endless Wire includes the song "God Speaks of Marty×Marty1958 · EPSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 4 tracksA1JudyA2Wedding BellsB1(Nothing but) Sweet LiesB2Then I Turned and Walked Slowly Away Robbins". The song's composer, Pete Townshend, explained that the song is about God deciding to create the universe just so he can hear some music, "and most of all, one of his best creations, Marty Robbins." The Beasts of Bourbon released a song called "The Day Marty Robbins Died" on their 1984 debut album The Axeman's Jazz. Both Frankie Laine and Elvis Presley, among others, recorded versions of Robbins' song "You Gave Me a Mountain", with Laine's recording reaching the pop and adult contemporary charts in 1969. Though Elvis never recorded any of Robbins' songs in the studio, he was a big fan and recorded "You Gave Me a Mountain" live in concert several times; it appeared on 15 Presley albums. Johnny Cash recorded a version of "Big Iron" as part of his American Recordings series, which is included in the Cash Unearthed box set. Cash also recorded other songs by Robbins, including "I Couldn't Keep from Crying", "Kate", and "Song of the Patriot". He held Robbins in high esteem, having him guest-star several times on his network TV show. "Big Iron" was also covered by Mike Ness on his album Under the Influences, on which he paid homage to country music artists. The song, originally released on Robbins' 1959 album Gunfighter Ballads×Gunfighter Ballads2017 · Studio albumSpotify (search)YouTube Music (search)Tracklist · 35 tracks · 2 discsDisc 11Big Iron3:562Cool Water3:103Billy the Kid2:204A Hundred and Sixty Acres1:435They’re Hanging Me Tonight3:056The Strawberry Roan3:287El Paso4:398In the Valley1:509The Master’s Call3:0810Running Gun2:1311The Little Green Valley2:2812Utah Carol3:1613Kaw-Liga2:2914Shackles and Chains2:2115The Hanging Tree2:5516Saddle Tramp2:0417Red River Valley2:2618Ballad of the Alamo3:48Disc 21San Angelo5:432Prairie Fire2:173Streets of Laredo2:484Song of the Bandit2:325I’ve Got No Use for the Women3:246Five Brothers2:147Little Joe the Wrangler4:098Ride, Cowboy, Ride3:169This Peaceful Sod1:5510She Was Young and She Was Pretty2:5911My Love1:4712Jimmy Martinez3:2813Ghost Train3:0714The Bend in the River2:3515Abilene Rose3:0116Dusty Winds1:5417The Wine Flowed Freely2:14 and Trail Songs, gained renewed popularity following its use in the 2010 video game Fallout: New Vegas.
His song "El Paso" was featured in the series finale of the AMC TV series Breaking Bad. "El Paso" was also featured in the Only Fools and Horses prequel made by the BBC.
Robbins was awarded an honorary degree by Northern Arizona University.
In 2001, singer-songwriter Don McLean released his album, Sings Marty Robbins, which features a collection of songs recorded by Robbins in his career.
In 2016, a portion of Glendale Avenue in Robbins' hometown of Glendale, Arizona, was renamed "Marty Robbins Boulevard".
Before Robbins died, he held a performance at the White House, alongside famous American singer Frank Sinatra.
He was named Man of the Decade by the Academy of Country Music in 1970.

Political views

Robbins was a staunch conservative and anti-communist, and his political views remained firmly conservative during his lifetime. He supported Barry Goldwater in his 1964 United States presidential election campaign as a southern director for "Stars for Barry". As the opposition to the Vietnam War strengthened beginning in 1965, Robbins became an increasingly outspoken conservative voice. Two of his songs, "Ain't I Right" and "My Own Native Land", written in the same decade, later became popular songs during the conservative resurgence in the 1980s. The lyrics of "Ain't I Right" describe antiwar protesters as fifth columnists and communists. After Columbia Records refused to publish his more politically charged songs, Robbins' band member Bobby Sykes recorded the songs for Sims Records under the name Johnny Freedom.

Racing career

Robbins loved NASCAR racing. With his musical successes, he was able to finance his avocation. Robbins always tried to run at the big racetracks (Talladega Superspeedway, Daytona International Speedway) every year and a smattering of the smaller races when time permitted. Robbins had six top-ten finishes in his career, with a personal-best top-five finish at the 1974 Motor State 360 in Michigan.
Robbins' cars were built and maintained by Cotton Owens. They were painted two-toned magenta and chartreuse, usually carrying car number 42 (though 6, 22, and 777 were also used). Over the years, he ran a few makes and models (Plymouths, Dodges, or Fords) before buying a 1972-bodied Dodge Charger from Owens. Robbins had a few major wrecks during the 1970s, and he had Owens rebuild the car to update the sheet metal to the 1973–1974 Charger specifications, and then finally 1978 Dodge Magnum sheet metal, which he raced until the end of 1980. Robbins' final NASCAR race car was a 1981 Buick Regal that he rented and drove in a few races in 1981 and 1982.
In 1972, at the Winston 500, Robbins stunned the competition by turning laps that were 15 mph faster than his qualifying time. After the race, NASCAR tried to bestow the Rookie of the Race award, but he would not accept it. He had knocked the NASCAR-mandated restrictors out of his carburetor and admitted he "just wanted to see what it was like to run up front for once."
Robbins is credited with possibly saving Richard Childress' life at the 1974 Charlotte 500 by deliberately crashing into a wall rather than T-bone (broadside) Childress's car that was stopped across the track.
In 1983, one year after Robbins' death, NASCAR honored him by naming the annual race at Fairgrounds Speedway the Marty Robbins 420.
Robbins' Dodge Magnum was restored by Owens and donated to the Talladega Museum by his family, and was displayed there from 1983 to 2008. The car is now in private hands in Southern California and raced on the Vintage NASCAR club circuit.
In 2014, Robbins' 1969 Dodge Charger Daytona was featured on an episode of Discovery Channels TV show Fast and Furious: Rolling Thunder. In that same year, an episode of Velocity's AmeriCarna featured ex-race team owner Ray Evernham spearheading the restoration of another of Robbins' NASCAR racers, a 1964 Plymouth Belvedere.
For the 2016 Darlington throwback weekend, Kyle Larson's number 42 NASCAR Xfinity Series car was painted purple and gold in honor of Robbins. For the 2021 Goodyear 400, Tyler Reddick's RCR number 8 NASCAR Cup car carries Robbins' signature magenta and chartreuse livery. For the 2022 running, Corey LaJoie's Spire Motorsports number 7 ran a throwback to Robbins' infamous 777 car that he ran in his career.

Personal life and death

In 1948, Robbins married Marizona Baldwin, who claimed she had always wanted to marry a singing cowboy. They had a son, Ronnie, and a daughter, Janet.
Robbins developed cardiovascular disease early in life, and suffered his first heart attack at age 43 in 1969. After his third heart attack on December 2, 1982, he underwent quadruple coronary artery bypass surgery. He did not recover, and died on December 8 at St. Thomas Hospital in Nashville. He was 57 years old.

Legacy

The city of Glendale, Arizona, honored Marty Robbins in various ways. In 2015, a bronze plaque was placed along the amphitheater walkway. In 2016, the 1-mile stretch of Glendale Avenue, between 59th and 51st Avenues, was renamed to Marty Robbins Boulevard. Following the release of Fallout: New Vegas, Robbins' song "Big Iron" substantially increased in popularity and inspired internet memes.

NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)